Several risks associated with spinal surgery are similar to those of other surgical procedures, including concerns related to bleeding, infection, and general anesthesia. However, spinal surgery presents additional risks, particularly when employing an anterior approach through the neck. This approach carries the potential for damage to critical structures such as the esophagus, trachea, and carotid arteries. Moreover, spinal surgery entails inherent risks to the spinal cord and nerve roots, which, if affected, could result in symptoms like weakness, numbness, and issues related to bowel and bladder function.